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Different rules apply if you arrived in the past year. Visa-tied options, the 30-day rule, and the cleanest sequence to follow.

Newcomer with a suitcase and documents walking through a bright European city street

Your first 90 days: the insurance sequence

The order matters more than most newcomers expect. For the visa appointment and your first days, incoming or travel insurance is an accepted bridge. But from your Anmeldung (address registration) or your first day of work, German law requires a proper German health insurance contract, and the Ausländerbehörde will not extend a residence permit on travel cover. The good news: getting covered is fast, insurers usually issue confirmation within 24 to 72 hours, and you can use that confirmation immediately for your registration and employer paperwork. Your employer will also need your social insurance number in Germany; if you do not have one yet, your employer or public health insurer requests it for you. The trap is leaving it too late and stalling your residence permit.

  • Day one

    Cover is mandatory from your Anmeldung or first working day, not later.

  • The bridge

    Incoming or travel insurance covers only the gap before your main contract, not enrolment.

  • How fast

    Confirmation is usually issued within 24 to 72 hours of applying.

  • Why it matters

    Your residence permit and employer paperwork both need proof of proper cover.

Five things every newcomer should know

Most coverage problems newcomers face come from missing one of these.

  • You need cover from day one

    From the day you register your address (Anmeldung) or start work, German health insurance is mandatory. Travel insurance does not count.

  • EU residents stay on home cover initially

    If you're from another EU country, you can use your EHIC for the first weeks while sorting permanent cover. Non-EU residents cannot.

  • Most visas tie you to one option

    Job seeker, freelance, language student and several other visas explicitly require either public or specific private 'expat-style' tariffs. Read your visa requirements before signing.

  • Family reunion is its own track

    Spouses joining via family reunion are usually expected to be insured the same way as their German-resident partner — public family insurance is free in many cases.

  • The 30-day rule for switching

    Newcomers crossing the income threshold from day one can switch to private after just 1 year, not 3. This window is unusually generous and easy to miss.

Newcomer reviewing paperwork on a bright European city street
Person comparing insurance options on a laptop at a cafe table

Public or private as a newcomer

Which system you land in depends on your status, not your nationality. **Employees earning under the €77,400 income threshold join public insurance (around 14.6% of income plus a small supplement, split with your employer). Above the threshold, or if you are self-employed or freelance**, private health insurance is an option. Newcomers also see expat-style tariffs (Care Concept, HanseMerkur Expat and similar), short-term policies priced for arrival, but if you plan to stay long-term, regular private is usually the better move. If neither public nor private insurance will take you, for example after a rejection or when you arrive over 55, look at international health insurance for newcomers. Many public funds and private insurers offer full English-language service. For the deeper newcomer breakdown, see our health insurance for newcomers guide.

Your three options as a newcomer

What most people moving to Germany choose between. 2026 indicative figures.

Choose a plan to compare

Income-based, employer split
Monthly costIncome-based, ~14.6%+
Who it fitsEmployees under €77,400
TermOpen-ended

The clean sequence, step by step

1

Before you arrive

  • For the visa appointment, arrange incoming or travel insurance as a temporary bridge.
  • Line up your main German contract to start from your registration or first working day.
2

First weeks: Anmeldung + cover

  • Register your address (Anmeldung) and confirm your status: employee, self-employed, student or family reunion.
  • Activate your public or private contract, insurers usually issue confirmation within 24 to 72 hours.
3

Residence permit + employer

  • Use the insurance confirmation for your residence permit and your employer's onboarding.
  • Keep the membership certificate for the Ausländerbehörde.
Young family with a child and suitcases arriving at their new home in Germany

Special cases: Blue Card, students, self-employed, family

A few situations follow their own rules. On an EU Blue Card, the visa salary and the private-insurance threshold are two different numbers, our EU Blue Card guide explains when you can actually go private. International students under 30 almost always use the public student tariff, see health insurance for students. The self-employed and freelancers can choose private at any income, covered in our freelancer guide. And families moving together should check whether free public family cover applies. If you are not sure which case is yours, a five-minute call sorts it.

Newcomer FAQs

Just arrived and need cover sorted fast?

Free 15-minute call with an English-speaking adviser. We confirm which system you belong in, get you a usable insurance confirmation within days, and make sure it satisfies the Ausländerbehörde. No cost, no pressure.

Bettina OstermannReviewed byBettina Ostermann
§ 34d Abs. 1 GewO licensed broker review
Last updated: 14 September 2026